DA NANG JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
Da Nang Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy
Trường Đại học Kỹ thuật Y – Dược Đà Nẵng
SURVEY OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-CARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS AT DA NANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: The study aims to identify factors associated with non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification among patients visiting and receiving treatment at the Department of Odonto-Stomatology, Da Nang C Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 44 patients with untreated non-carious cervical lesions. The investigated factors included gender, toothbrushing method, type of toothbrush, habit of consuming acidic foods, intake of carbonated soft drinks, alcohol consumption (>250 ml/week), bruxism, and tooth loss status. Associations were analyzed with a statistical significance level of p<0.05. Results: No statistically significant association was found between gender, type of toothbrush, consumption of acidic foods, intake of carbonated soft drinks, alcohol consumption, or tooth loss status and non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification (p>0.05). The horizontal toothbrushing method was significantly associated with type A non-carious cervical lesions (p<0.001). Notably, bruxism showed a clear association with non-carious cervical lesions across all three types A, B, and C (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is an association between the horizontal toothbrushing method and type A non-carious cervical lesions according to the Sawai classification. In addition, bruxism is an important risk factor associated with non-carious cervical lesions across all three types.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Vũ Minh Nguyễn, Văn Hà Lê (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PLATELET RICH PLASMA AND STEM CELL THERAPY FOR KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND APPLICATION
Objective: The article is conducted in the form of an analytical and descriptive review, aiming to systematize scientific evidence and determine the scope of the overview of PRP and MSCs combined therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Specifically, the article synthesizes and analyzes the biological basis and recent clinical evidence on combined therapy of PRP and MSCs in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Besides, the article aims to identify current limitations and propose directions for optimizing therapy for clinical application. Methodology and literature review: The study was designed as a review study. We performed a literature search using databases including journals from PubMed and Google Scholar from the last 5 years. In this study, we focused on evaluating the biological basis and clinical effectiveness of combined PRP and mesenchymal stem cell therapy in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Research outlook: The results show that combination therapy of PRP and mesenchymal stem cells offers the potential for biological resonance, contributing to improving tissue regeneration and reducing symptoms more effectively than either individual therapy in recent studies. However, current clinical evidence is still inconsistent, suggesting that more standardized trials are needed to confirm the superior benefit of this approach.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Hiền Lê, Lê Minh Tú Phan (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INITIAL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TONSILLECTOMY USING PLASMA SCALPEL AT GIA LAI PROVINCIAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of the group of subjects undergoing surgery and to initially evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the plasma knife tonsillectomy method in the local area. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis on 131 pediatric patients (aged 3 to under 16 years) who were indicated for tonsillectomy using a plasma knife. Data on surgery duration, blood loss, pain level (VAS score), complications, and length of hospital stay were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean operative time was 18.4 ± 5.0 minutes, with minimal blood loss (4.7 ± 1.8 mL). Postoperative pain scores significantly decreased from day 1 (6.6) to day 7 (0.95). The complication rate was 1.5%, with no late complications reported. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.8 days. Conclusion: Preliminary research shows that tonsillectomy using plasma knife results in shorter intervention time, less blood loss, and quicker pain relief post-surgery. The results recorded a low complication rate, initially demonstrating the feasibility and safety of implementing this technique at local healthcare facilities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Văn Châu Nguyễn, Thị Mỹ Nhung Phan, Anh Tuấn Hồ, Thị Huệ Đoàn, Thị Sim Nguyễn, Thị Thu Hà Đỗ, Thị Tú Uyên Vương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INFECTION RATE ON HANDS OF STUDENTS AT DANANG UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACY
Objective: Determining the rate of Staphylococcus aureus infection on the hands of students at Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy and some factors related to S.aureus infection. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 120 samples taken from the hands of students using the Glove juice method and compared with 120 corresponding samples from students who washed their hands before taking the samples. Results: The rate of S.aureus infection on the hands of students was 32.5%, of which 12.5% ​​were Methicillin-resistant S.aureus - isolated from students who had a hospital internship. The results showed that there was no difference in the rate of S.aureus infection with gender and hospital internship. However, there was a difference in the rate of S.aureus infection between the group of students who washed their hands before sampling and the group of students who did not wash their hands before sampling with p<0.05. Conclusion: The proportion of infection of S. aureus was 32.5%, of which 12.5% ​​were MRSA respectively and there was a significant relationship between infecting S. aureus and washing hand before taking samples.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngọc Trân Châu Nguyễn, Thị Trâm Uyên Nguyễn, Ngọc Ngân Châu Nguyễn, Lê Hạnh Nhi Hồ, Ngọc Thanh Nhi Huỳnh, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
RATE AND CAUSES OF INPATIENT BLOOD SAMPLE REJECTION AT PHUC HUNG HOSPITAL
Background: Specimen quality and preanalytical errors have a substantial impact on diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. Analysis of specimen rejection rates and underlying causes, particularly among inpatients, provides an essential basis for improving patient care quality. Objectives: To determine the rejection rate of inpatient blood specimens, identify the main causes of rejection, and analyze associated factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 30,406 blood specimens collected from inpatient departments at Phuc Hung Hospital between January and June 2025. Causes of specimen rejection were classified according to CLSI GP33A guidelines (hemolysis, clotting, incorrect volume, incorrect patient information, etc.). Results: A total of 104 out of 30,406 specimens were rejected, corresponding to a rejection rate of 0.34%. The Emergency and Intensive Care-Toxicology Department accounted for the highest proportion of rejected specimens (43.18%). The most common causes were hemolysis (25.0%) and incorrect patient information (18.27%). The Pediatrics Department had a six-fold higher risk of specimen rejection compared with the General Internal Medicine Department. Conclusions: Specimen rejection rates were concentrated in Emergency and Intensive Care-Toxicology Department, with hemolysis and administrative information errors as the predominant causes. The highest risk of rejection is in the Pediatrics department. Enhanced training in blood collection and specimen handling for nursing staff is necessary to minimize preanalytical errors and improve overall laboratory testing quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Đình Vũ Phạm (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FROM THE NURSING PERSPECTIVE AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY HOSPITAL
Background: This study aims to understand the causes of medication errors and their preventive measures from the perspective of nurses at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Materials and method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, with the participation of 185 nurses and midwives from clinical departments in the hospital using a questionnaire. Results: 53.5% of nurses said that the workload was high, 52.4% of nurses said that the ratio of patient/nurse was high, had to take care of many seriously ill patients, 47% of the electronic system was prone to errors and the doctor's prescription was difficult to read had the highest impact on nurses' medication errors. 94.1% of nurses said that it was necessary to improve nurses' knowledge about drugs and to inform and educate about new drugs, 93.5% of nurses think that it was necessary to have necessary information about drugs, side effects and interactions available in clinical departments and 92.4% think that it was necessary to actively report medical incidents to learn and prevent recurrence to prevent medication errors. Conclusion: There should be appropriate human resource planning and regular training programs on drugs especially new drugs, necessary information on drugs, side effects and interactions should be available in clinical departments and increased reporting of medication errors is also an opportunity to prevent recurrence.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Hân Trương, Thị Hồng Liên Dương, Viết Tứ Nguyễn, Thị Phương Thảo Nguyễn, Thị Như Trang Trương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF ANTI-THYROGLOBULIN CONCENTRATION IN PATIENTS WITH PAPILLARY THYROID CARCINOMA AFTER TOTAL THYROIDECTOMY
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the value of Anti-Thyroglobulin (TgAb) levels after total thyroidectomy and examine the relationship between serum TgAb levels and thyroid cancer stages in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: Retrospective study of 160 papillary thyroid cancer patients after total thyroidectomy from 01/2023 to 07/2024 at Cho Ray Hospital. Results: The median TgAb level decreased significantly (p<0.05) from 3.26 IU/mL before radioiodine therapy to 1.50 IU/mL after treatment. Among patients with isolated PTC, TgAb concentrations were markedly lower (2.19 IU/mL) compared with those who had concomitant PTC and HT (42 IU/mL) with p<0.05. Before radioiodine therapy, 141 patients (88.13%) had TgAb levels within the normal range, and the number of patients with normalized TgAb levels increased to 144 (90%) after treatment, with no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: Among patients with isolated PTC, a proportion demonstrated elevated TgAb levels whereas the majority of patients with PTC accompanied by thyroiditis exhibited low TgAb concentrations
Copyright (c) 2026 Phan Uyển Nhi Nguyễn, Nguyên Trung Võ, Xuân Cảnh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SURVEY OF EXPERIENCES OF MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAMS ON THE ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN INTERVENTION FOR CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
Objectives: To learn about the experiences of members of multidisciplinary teams working with physical therapists (PT) in intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: Qualitative description. Results: We found that the study participants, including physicians, psychologists, PTs, speech therapists, occupational therapists, and special education teachers, shared their understanding of the role of PTs, but 100% had no practical experience in incorporating PTs in multidisciplinary intervention teams for children with ASD. Conclusion: Limited awareness and practical experience of multidisciplinary team members in collaborating with physical therapists in intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Minh Nguyệt Trần, Thị Cẩm Vân Lương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
PATHOGENIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII AT DA NANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: Investigation of pathogenic characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii at Da Nang C Hospital. Subject and methods: A cross-sectional study on 100 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated at Hospital C Da Nang from October 2024 to March 2025. The level of antibiotic resistance in bacteria was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method. Classification of the degree of multi-antibiotic resistance of bacteria was performed according to Magiorakos et al. Results: The incidence of Acinetobacter baumannii infection was higher in men (60%) than in women (40%). Acinetobacter baumannii infections were mainly in patients aged 60 years and older, accounting for 96%. The highest number of Acinetobacter baumannii strains was isolated in the Intensive Care Unit (73%), followed by the Internal Medicine Department (17%), Stroke Department (5%), Surgery Department (3%) and Otolaryngology Department (2%). The highest percentage of isolated bacteria in clinical specimens were sputum samples (84%), followed by pus samples (8%), urine samples (5%), middle ear fluid samples (2%) and blood samples (1%). A high level of resistance was observed, from 90.0-95.8% for the antibiotics cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid; Resistance ranged from 76.3-87.9% to antibiotics amikacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, gentamycin, tobramycin, lowest resistance to doxycycline with 53.5%. There were 89% of Acinetobacter baumannii strains with multi-resistance. Conclusions: Acinetobacter baumannii caused infections mainly in the elderly and in the Intensive Care and Anti-poisoning Department. The most isolated specimens were in the respiratory tract with sputum samples accounting for 84%. Bacteria were highly resistant to the antibiotics surveyed. There were 89% multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Thanh Tâm Đặng, Ngọc Thúy An Võ, Thị Ngọc Anh Trần, Ngọc Như Bình Trần, Thị Thùy Dung Mai, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POTENTIAL OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DERIVATIVES FOR BLOOD GLUCOSE REGULATION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by a bidirectional relationship between hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation. This narrative review was conducted through the analysis and synthesis of relevant scientific literature to elucidate the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetes and the therapeutic effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies indicates that NSAIDs reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, improve insulin resistance, and protect pancreatic beta cells. Structural modification of NSAIDs to enhance their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity has emerged as a promising strategy for glycemic control. These findings suggest that NSAIDs and their derivatives may represent a potential dual-action therapeutic approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, adverse effects on the cardiovascular, renal, and gastrointestinal systems remain major limitations to long-term use. Therefore, further clinical studies and rational structure optimization are required to comprehensively evaluate their efficacy and safety.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thanh Trang Nguyễn, Thị Trâm Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INVESTIGATION OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HIGH – RISK HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS GENOTYPES AND CERVICAL CYTOLOGICAL RESULT AT DA NANG ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL
Background: Cervical cancer remains a significant health challenge for Vietnamese women, primarily driven by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. Evaluating the prevalence and the association between HPV genotypes and cytological abnormalities is crucial for enhancing local screening strategies. Objective: To determine the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) and cervical cytological result at Da Nang Oncology Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,325 medical records of women aged 21–74 years. Inclusion criteria required concurrent results of HR-HPV DNA genotyping and ThinPrep Pap cytology. Results: The overall prevalence of HR-HPV infection was 15.3%. Among positive cases, the most frequent genotypes were the "12 other HR-HPV" group (67.5%), followed by HPV type 16 (14.3%) and HPV type 18 (11.3%), while multiple infections accounted for 6.9%. The mean age was 44.33 pm 9.01 years, with no significant correlation observed between age and HR-HPV status (p > 0.05). Cytological abnormalities were present in 1.8% of cases, primarily ASC-US (0.9%), LSIL (0.4%), HSIL (0.3%), and ASC-H (0.2%). Statistical analysis revealed that HR-HPV-positive women had an 11.11-fold increased risk of cytological abnormalities compared to HR-HPV-negative counterparts (OR = 11.11; 95\% CI: 4.646–26.569; p < 0.05). Specifically, the risk was highest in women with HPV type 16 (OR = 14.792), followed by multiple infections (OR = 10.238) and the "12 other HR-HPV" types (OR = 4.85), all reaching statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of HR-HPV infection at Da Nang Oncology Hospital is notable, with a predominance of the "12 other HR-HPV" group and HPV type 16. The study confirms a strong correlation between HR-HPV infection and cervical cytological abnormalities. Notably, HPV type 16 and multiple infections serve as primary predictors for cytological lesions, reinforcing the necessity of incorporating HPV genotyping into routine cervical cancer screening programs to improve early detection.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ngọc Trang Nguyễn, Thị Minh Hòa Hoàng, Thị Đoan Trinh Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
APPROACH AND MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION
Kidney transplantation is the gold standard of care for patients with end-stage renal disease, providing marked improvements in quality of life and long-term survival. Nevertheless, cardiovascular disease has emerged as a prevalent and life-threatening post-transplant complication, covertly undermining clinical outcomes and patient longevity. This condition arises from the synergy between traditional risk factors and transplant-specific contributors, such as the adverse effects of immunosuppressive agents, chronic inflammatory states, and metabolic dysregulation. This review offers a comprehensive overview of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular management following kidney transplantation, aiming to optimize patient prognosis.
Copyright (c) 2026 Văn Huệ Phạm, Thị Hằng Nguyễn, Văn Quý Huỳnh, Đức Kim Tuyến Cao, Tất Dũng Nguyễn (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ANTIBIOTIC KNOWLEDGE AND RELATED FACTORS AMONG STUDENTS OF DANANG UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY AND PHARMACY
Background: Antimicrobial resistance poses a global threat to public health and safety. Health-related students will become future professionals responsible for medication management and patient health education. Enhancing students’ knowledge of antibiotics is a key strategy to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Objectives: To describe the knowledge of antibiotics and identify associated factors among students at Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 306 students from Medicine, Pharmacy, and Nursing programs at Da Nang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy. Results: The percentage of students with good knowledge of antibiotics was 50.65%. There were statistically significant associations between antibiotic knowledge and field of study, year level, GPA, and receiving prescriptions (p<0.05). Conclusion: About half of the students demonstrated good knowledge of antibiotics. The findings indicate that education has a positive impact on students’ understanding of antibiotics. It is necessary to develop and integrate appropriate training programs to further improve students’ antibiotic knowledge.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Kim Cúc Đoàn, Thị Trang Lê, Thị Hồng Thắm Lê (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ASSESSMENT OF REHABILITATION OUTCOMES FOR CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN IN THE ELDERLY
Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of a rehabilitation program for chronic mechanical low back pain (CLBP) in the elderly and to explore related factors. Methods: A prospective, descriptive study using convenience sampling was conducted on 95 patients aged 60 and over diagnosed with CLBP, treated at Da Nang Orthopedic and Rehabilitation Hospital from November 2023 to March 2024. The 2-week intervention protocol included TENS, ultrasound, paraffin therapy, Williams exercises, and health education. Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-treatment using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, Schober test for range of motion, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) for functional disability. Results: After 2 weeks, the mean pain score (NRS) significantly decreased from 6.65 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>± </m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 1.16 to 2.86<!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr> ± </m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 1.31 (p<0.001); lumbar spine flexion (Schober index) improved from 2.15 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>±</m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 0.79 cm to 3.46 <!-- [if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:r><m:rPr><m:scr m:val="roman"/><m:sty m:val="p"/></m:rPr>±</m:r></m:oMath><![endif]--> 0.67 cm (p<0.001); the functional disability index (ODI) decreased from 55.5% to 27.1% (p<0.001). Good and fair overall treatment outcomes were achieved in 80% of patients. There were statistically significant associations between treatment outcomes and gender, age group, and occupation (p<0.05). Conclusion: The multidisciplinary rehabilitation program showed positive outcomes in reducing pain, improving range of motion, and enhancing daily living functions for elderly patients with CLBP.
Copyright (c) 2026 Thị Huệ Trần, Hoài Trung Nguyễn, Kiều Trang Dương (Tác giả) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHYLOTHORAX AFTER MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY: A RARE COMPLICATION
Chylothorax is a rare but serious complication following esophagectomy, which may lead to respiratory failure, nutritional disorders, and prolonged hospitalization if not promptly recognized and appropriately managed. We report the case of a 67-year-old male patient diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus (cT4N0M0), who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by minimally invasive thoracoabdominal esophagectomy. Postoperatively, the patient developed rapidly recurrent bilateral pleural effusions accompanied by respiratory failure and pneumonia. Conservative management was initiated, including repeated pleural drainage, total parenteral nutrition, and a medium-chain triglyceride-based diet administered via jejunal feeding. Due to respiratory compromise, magnetic resonance lymphangiography was initially deferred. Delayed lymphatic imaging subsequently identified thoracic duct leakage at the T4-T5 level with formation of a mediastinal chylous collection. The chylothorax became self-limited and did not require lymphatic intervention. The patient gradually improved and was discharged on postoperative day 58, despite a complicated postoperative course. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of chylothorax after esophagectomy, appropriate timing of lymphatic imaging, and careful consideration of conservative versus interventional management strategies to minimize complications and improve clinical outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2025 The authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
STUDY ON LOWER GENITAL TRACT INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN IN DA NANG CITY
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of lower genital tract infections among postmenopausal women in Da Nang City and to identify factors associated with LGTIs in this population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 850 women who had undergone natural menopause. Participants were interviewed and clinically examined at 17 primary healthcare stations in 17 wards of Da Nang City between August and October 2023. Data collection included a structured questionnaire, gynecological examination, vaginal pH measurement, and microbiological analysis of vaginal discharge to identify LGTIs and related factors. Multistage cluster sampling was applied. Results: The overall prevalence of lower genital tract infections among postmenopausal women was 27.1%. Bacterial infections accounted for 19.1% of cases, while Candida infections accounted for 8.0%. A statistically significant association was found between age group and menopausal duration with the type of lower genital tract infection (p < 0.05). Conclusion: LGTIs rate is relatively high among postmenopausal women in Da Nang City. Targeted screening, prevention, and management strategies are considered to improve quality of life in this population.
NUTRITIONAL COMPLIANCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASEAT DANANG C HOSPITAL
Objective: Describe the current status of nutritional compliance among patients with chronic kidney disease being treated at Da Nang C Hospital and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from October 2024 to April 2025. The survey tool was a self-administered toolkit. Nutritional compliance was assessed by using the Renal Adherence Behavior Questionnaire by Helena Rushe and Hannah M. McGee. Patient’s knowledge using the Assessment of Knowledge about Chronic Kidney Disease was developed by Mansour A. Mah et al. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation were used to analyze data with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The average score of nutritional compliance of patients with chronic renal failure was 3.30±0.35 (1 - 5) and reached a moderate level. There was a statistically significant difference between nutritional compliance and gender, education level, disease stage and receiving nutritional advice from health workers (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between nutritional compliance and knowledge about chronic renal failure (r=0.644, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The status of nutrition compliance among patients with chronic kidney disease reached a moderate level. There was a correlation between knowledge about the disease and nutritional compliance. These results highlight the crucial role of nurses in health education and nutritional counseling.
FORMULATION OPTIMIZATION AND QUALITY EVALUATION OF SKIN CREAM CONTAINING GLYCYRRHIZA URALENSIS EXTRACT COMBINED WITH GLUTATHIONE AND NIACINAMIDE
Objective: The study aimed to optimize the formulation and evaluate the quality parameters of a topical skin cream containing Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) extract combined with glutathione and niacinamide. Methods: Licorice crude extract was prepared by the cold maceration method using 70% ethanol. The cream formulation was designed and optimized using the Design of Experiments (DoE) approach (Central Composite Design) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) utilizing Modde 8.0 and INForm 3.1 software. The final product was evaluated for physicochemical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stability) and chemical markers including Total Phenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC). Results: The optimal formulation consisted of G. uralensis extract 5%, Glutathione 2%, Niacinamide 2%, Glycerin 6.81%, Tween 80 9.12%, Lanolin 6.27%, Sunfol cow 40 17.18%, and Simugel SMS 88 3.49%. The cream exhibited a smooth texture, physiological pH (5.71), and high stability after 12 freeze-thaw cycles. The chemical markers were quantified as TPC 3.0246 ± 0.1241 mgGA/g and TFC 1.1482 ± 0.0050 mgQE/100 mg. Conclusion: A stable skin cream formulation containing Licorice extract, glutathione, and niacinamide was successfully developed using DoE. The product meets quality standards and shows promising potential for cosmetic applications.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF WHITE BLOOD CELLCOUNT IN ASSESSING COVID-19 SEVERITYAT DA NANG LUNG HOSPITAL
Background: White blood cell (WBC) alterations are common in COVID-19 patients and may reflect immune response and disease severity. Evidence from Vietnam remains limited. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 206 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Da Nang Lung Hospital between September 2021 and April 2022. Clinical data, comorbidities, blood pressure, and hematological indices were analyzed. Chi-square test and ROC analysis were applied. Results: The mean age was 66.7 ± 18.8 years, with 62.1% aged ≥ 60. Hypertension (47.6%) and diabetes (31.1%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Increased WBC was observed in 37.4% of patients, while leukopenia accounted for 7.3%. Elevated WBC was significantly associated with severe and critical illness (p < 0.001). ROC analysis showed that a cutoff of ≤ 8,2x109/L discrimination between asymptomatic and critical groups with AUC = 0.614; p = 0.166. Conclusions: Elevated WBC is frequent in severe COVID-19 and may serve as a prognostic marker.
COAGULATION DISORDERS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER AT DA NANG ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL
Background: The malignancy of the lungs is generally classified into two main types: non-small cell lung cancer and the more aggressive small cell lung cancer, accounting for approximately 80 - 85% and 15 - 20% of all cases, respectively. Causes of lung cancer mortality vary widely, among which, disorders of hemostasis leading to a hypercoagulable state and an increased risk of thrombosis are highly attributable. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate coagulation abnormalities and associated factors in lung cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 patients with confirmed lung cancer hospitalized at Da Nang Oncology Hospital. The levels of coagulation parameters, including platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and fibrinogen; and the factors associated with alterations in coagulation parameters in lung cancer patients were determined. Results: The mean platelet count was 300,33 ± 137,42 G/L, with 7,5% of patients showing thrombocytopenia and 18,3% showing thrombocytosis. The mean APTT was decreased in 1,1% and increased in 3,2% of patients with a mean of 26,22 ± 4,01 seconds. The mean PT was 11,91 ± 3,30 seconds and 6,5% of patients presented prolonged PT. Fibrinogen was elevated in 57% of patients with a mean concentration of fibrinogen of 4,19 ± 1,20 g/L. Patients in stage I - III of lung cancer had considerably lower fibrinogen level than those in stage IV (3,59 ± 1,04 g/L vs. 4,45 ± 1,17 g/L; p<0,05). Coagulation parameter were not significantly associated with age or sex of the patients.
PREVALENCE OF HBsAg POSITIVITY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AT CAM LE REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER, DA NANG
Objective: To determine the prevalence of HBsAg positivity and associated factors among pregnant women at Cam Le Regional Medical Center, Da Nang. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 500 pregnant women attending antenatal care and delivery services at the Cam Le Regional Medical Center from April to July 2025. HBsAg status was assessed using the Determine™ HBsAg rapid test. Data was collected through structured interviews and medical records, and analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of HBsAg positivity was 4.0%. HBsAg positivity was significantly associated with maternal age (OR = 2.49; p = 0.049), a personal history of hepatitis B infection (OR = 7.14; p = 0.001), and a family history of hepatitis B (p = 0.001). No significant associations were found with education level, ethnicity, vaccination history, or parity (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women in Cam Le Regional Medical Center was relatively low. However, epidemiological factors such as age and personal or family history of hepatitis B were important predictors of infection. Routine HBsAg screening in pregnancy remains essential for preventing mother-to-child transmission.
CURRENT STATUS OF COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARD PRECAUTIONS AND BARRIERS TO COMPLIANCE AMONG HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS
Objective: To describe current compliance with standard precautions and barriers to compliance among health sciences students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 students majoring in Medicine, Nursing, and Rehabilitation at Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy. Data were collected using the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale and the Barriers to Compliance with Standard Precautions questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The overall compliance rate was 63.3% (mean score 12.65 ± 3.43), indicating a moderate level of compliance. Low compliance was found for not recapping needles after use (1.6%), disposing of sharps containers before they are full (14.1%), and hand hygiene with appropriate products (27.2%). The mean perceived barrier score was 25.15 ± 9.21. Common barriers included lack of equipment, time pressure during patient care, and discomfort when using personal protective equipment. Conclusion: Students showed a moderate level of compliance with standard precautions, with notable gaps in needle handling and hand hygiene. Strengthening education and clinical supervision, along with ensuring adequate resources, is recommended to reduce barriers and improve compliance.
THE TRIGLYCERIDE-GLUCOSE INDEX AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Objective: To determine the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and evaluate its association with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 226 patients with T2DM treated at Hospital 199 from August 2024 to April 2025. Patients were divided into two groups: good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%) and poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%). Laboratory results and clinical information were collected. The TyG index was calculated using the formula: TyG = Ln[(triglyceride × fasting plasma glucose)/2] (mg/dL). Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and MedCalc 12.5. Results: The proportion of patients with good glycemic control was 80.1% (n = 181), and with poor control was 19.9% (n = 45). The mean TyG index was significantly higher in the poor control group (9.9 ± 0.7) compared to the good control group (9.3 ± 0.7), with p < 0.001. The ROC curve for TyG in predicting poor glycemic control showed an AUC of 0.736 (p < 0.001), with an optimal cut-off value of TyG ≥ 9.2. Patients with TyG ≥ 9.2 had a 7.57 times higher risk of poor glycemic control (OR = 7.57; 95% CI: 2.86 - 20.06; p < 0.001). The association between TyG ≥ 9.2 and poor glycemic control remained significant in subgroups stratified by gender, age, BMI, and hypertension status. After adjustment for confounders (gender, age, BMI, and hypertension), a TyG index ≥ 9.2 was independently associated with poor glycemic control (aOR = 7.77; 95% CI: 2.86 - 21.11; p < 0.001). Conclusion: The TyG index is independently associated with glycemic control in patients with T2DM and can be used as a simple marker for screening the risk of poor glycemic control.
EVALUATION OF SURGICAL OUTCOMES AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOLLOWING TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENTAT HOSPITAL 199
Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is definitive for end-stage hip osteoarthritis (OA). Objectives: To evaluate clinical, functional, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes post-THA. Methods: A prospective study of 32 patients with severe hip OA undergoing primary cementless THA via a piriformis-sparing posterior approach. Harris Hip Score (HHS) and SF-36 were assessed preoperatively, 3 and 6 months post-surgery. Results: Mean HHS increased from 44,0 to 90,6 (p<0,001). 93,8% patients achieved good-to-excellent outcomes. Improved QoL was significantly across all SF-36 domains. One superficial infection (3,1%) occurred, with no major complications. Conclusion: THA is a safe and highly effective surgical procedure, providing excellent functional recovery and comprehensive improvement in health-related QoL.
FALL RISK IN SCHIZOPHRENIA INPATIENTS AT DA NANG PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL
Objective: To determine the risk of falls and related factors in inpatients with schizophrenia at Da Nang City Psychiatric Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 inpatients with schizophrenia from April to September 2025. Data on demographics, medical history, fall history, and medication use were collected. Fall risk was assessed using the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT). Data were coded and analyzed using SPSS, with Chi-square test applied at a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The mean JHFRAT score was 5.7 ± 2.3. Low fall risk accounted for 81.5%, moderate 16.0%, and high 2.5%. Fall risk was significant with age ≥60, female gender, history of falls, presence of medical comorbidities, and use of multiple medications (p<0.05). Other factors such as disease duration, number of treatments, and anthropometric characteristics were not significantly associated. Conclusion: Most inpatients with schizophrenia have low fall risk. However, older patients, females, those with a history of falls, medical comorbidities, and multiple medication use need to be under close monitoring and preventive interventions. JHFRAT is a useful tool for screening fall risk in this group.
EXTRA-CORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION FOR NEAR FATAL ASTHMA
Near fatal asthma (NFA) is a critical condition often causing hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and altered mental status. Patients with NFA breathe at high lung volumes, increasing the mechanical load and elastic work of breathing. Mechanical ventilation may be needed but can worsen dynamic hyperinflation and intrathoracic pressure. Mortality for patients requiring ventilation is 8%. ECMO offers an alternative, providing oxygen and removing CO2 through extracorporeal membrane techniques, especially in ARDS. It aims to reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and allow time for lung recovery. Its use in severe asthma is limited to case reports. This case highlights a patient with NFA and refractory hypoxemia and severe hypercapnia successfully managed by ECMO.
EMERGING ROLES FOR INTERLEUKIN 11 IN VASCULAR DISEASES
Vascular diseases represent a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the urgent need for effective therapeutic interventions. Interleukin-11 (IL-11), a member of the IL-6 cytokine family with established roles in autoimmune disease and tumor biology, has recently garnered interest due to its potential involvement in vascular pathology. Nevertheless, the precise biological functions and mechanistic actions of IL-11 in these conditions remain inadequately characterized. This review synthesizes current evidence on IL-11 expression, function, and signaling, and examines its roles across coronary artery disease, aortic disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, and related vascular pathologies. Therefore, the development of small molecule inhibitors targeting IL-11 as a potential therapeutic target may offer new prospects in the treatment of vascular diseases.
SEROPREVALENCE OF STRONGYLOIDES STERCORALIS AND TOXOCARA SPP. IN PATIENTS WITH PRURITUS/ URTICARIA ATTENDING DANANG DERMATOLOGY HOSPITAL
Background: Within the community, chronic pruritus and urticaria are common dermatological conditions in which these parasitic infections may play an etiological role. Objectives: To determine the seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. and S. stercoralis among patients with pruritus or urticaria at Danang Dermatology Hospital and to assess associated risk factors with infection of these two parasites. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 963 patients presenting with pruritus or urticaria from February to July 2025. Patients with other parasitic co-infections or chronic skin diseases were excluded. Serological antibodies were detected using ELISA, eosinophil counts were measured, and behavioral risk factors were assessed through interviews. Results: Seropositivity rates were 20.66% for Toxocara spp. and 1.87% for S. stercoralis, with a co-infection rate of 1.35%. Not washing hands before meals was significantly associated with Toxocara spp. infection (OR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.69-5.31; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Toxocara spp. infection was more prevalent than S. stercoralis among patients with pruritus and urticaria in Danang. Strengthening serological screening and hygiene education is recommended.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF PATIENTS REGARDING DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Objective: To describe the levels of knowledge and attitudes about diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus and to identify factors associated with knowledge. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 183 patients with diabetes. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that had been translated, culturally adapted, and reliability-tested. Knowledge was classified as good when patients scored ≥5 out of 8 points, and attitudes were considered positive when scoring ≥3 out of 4 points. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with knowledge, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 78.1% of participants demonstrated good knowledge, while 32.8% exhibited positive attitudes toward diabetic retinopathy. Regression analysis showed that the educational level of intermediate or higher and a positive attitude were significantly associated with good knowledge (OR = 3.64, p = 0.020; OR = 2.56, p = 0.013, respectively). In contrast, older age (OR = 0.97; p = 0.041), higher blood glucose levels (OR = 0.91; p = 0.026), and longer duration of diabetes (OR = 0.95; p = 0.032) were negatively associated with good knowledge. Gender and duration of DR diagnosis were not significantly related to knowledge. Conclusion: Most patients had good knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, although positive attitudes remained limited. Age, level of education, duration of diabetes, glycemic control, and attitude were significantly associated with patients’ knowledge. Health education initiatives should prioritize older adults and individuals with lower educational levels.